Traction Control System Issues DIY Investigation and Repair

The traction control system ensures that one tire does not lose traction and spin uncontrollably, and issues are usually as a result of a sensor. If you’re having problems, let’s take a look at diagnosing and fixing traction control issues.

Front end troubleshooting here.

Check for recalls.

Diagnose The Traction Control System

• Warning Lights: The first sign is usually a warning light.
• Know How to use it: Your vehicle manual has specific information about traction control.
• Handling and Performance: Observe poor traction. Observe how your car behaves in slippery conditions.
• Tires: Uneven tire wear can affect traction control or be a symptom.
• Unusual Noises: Listen for unusual noises.

What’s Next?

1. Use an OBD-II Scanner: An OBD-II scanner reads diagnostic trouble codes. These codes help identify the problem.
2. Analyze Wheel Speed Sensors: Wheel speed sensors are crucial for traction control. Check them for damage or malfunction.
3. Inspect ABS System: The ABS system is closely linked to traction control. Ensure it’s functioning correctly.

Related OBD Codes

• C0031 – Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
• C0034 – Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor
• C0040 – Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit
• C0041 – Traction Control System Pressure Control Solenoid
• C0045 – Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit
• C0050 – Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit
• C0110 – ABS Pump Motor Circuit
• C0121 – Valve Relay Circuit Malfunction
• C0131 – ABS/TCS System Pressure Circuit Malfunction
• C0141 – Left TCS Solenoid #1 Circuit Malfunction

See all the OBD codes here.

Wheel Speed Sensors and Traction Control

Wheel speed sensors are located at each wheel. They can be found either in the wheel hub assembly, near the brake rotors, or close to the drive shafts in the case of some rear-wheel and all-wheel-drive vehicles.  They are usually positioned to accurately read the speed of the wheel. In many designs, they work by reading a tone ring (also known as a reluctor ring), which is a notched or toothed ring, attached to the wheel hub, CV joint, or brake rotor.

Assess

Look for a small component that’s bolted to the hub/brake assembly area. It will have an electrical wire leading to it, which is the giveaway.  Nearby, you should see the tone ring that the sensor reads. It’s usually visible on the axle or behind the wheel hub.

Type of Sensors: There are two main types of wheel speed sensors:

• • Passive: These are magnetic and generate an AC signal that changes with wheel speed.
  • Active: These are more complex and generate a digital signal.

Passive Test

You’ll need a A multimeter.

1. Resistance Test
   • Disconnect the sensor.
   • Set your multimeter to measure resistance (Ohms).
   • Connect the multimeter to the sensor terminals.
   • A typical good reading is between 1,000 and 2,500 ohms, but check the service manual for specific values.

1. AC Voltage Test
   • Reconnect the sensor.
   • Set the multimeter to measure AC voltage.
   • Spin the wheel by hand
   • A functioning sensor will generate an AC voltage that increases with wheel speed.

Active Test

If you have active sensors, you’ll also need an scilloscope or scan tool with live data capability.

1. Digital Signal Check:
   • Connect the tool and monitor the signal while rotating the wheel.
   • The tool should show a square wave signal that changes frequency with wheel speed.

Attempt to Repair the Traction Control

1. Reset the System: Sometimes, this simple step can resolve the issue.
2. Faulty Sensors: If sensors are faulty, replace them. This is often a straightforward fix.
3. Repair Wiring: Repair any wiring issues you find.
4. Update Software: In modern cars, a software update might be necessary.

Conclusion

By following these steps, you can identify, diagnose, and possibly fix it.  Hopefully at the very least this will point you to the correct failure. Remember, if in doubt, always consult a professional mechanic.